Japanese encephalitis is a mosquito-borne viral infection found across parts of Asia and the Western Pacific. For most short trips to urban areas the risk is very low, but some itineraries create greater exposure.
Which itineraries need closer assessment?
Longer stays, rural travel, outdoor activity around dusk or night, and time near rice-growing or pig-farming areas can increase risk. Season and local transmission patterns also matter, so country-level advice alone may not be enough.
What will the pharmacist ask?
- Every country and region on your itinerary
- How long you will stay and the season of travel
- Whether you will be camping, cycling or working outdoors
- Your accommodation and access to mosquito protection
Is vaccination the only precaution?
No. Bite avoidance remains important whether or not vaccination is recommended. Use an effective repellent, cover exposed skin when mosquitoes are active and choose screened or air-conditioned accommodation where possible.